Files
fips/testing/chaos/README.md
Johnathan Corgan 6a564e26ac Prepare the v0.5.0 release content
Everything the release needs except the version number, which stays at
0.5.0-dev until the tag.

The changelog entry covers only the work that is new on this line. The
point release's forty-six entries arrived under their own heading with the
forward merge and are left alone; the twenty that remained are regrouped by
topic and eight more added for changes no entry covered. Three of those
eight matter to someone upgrading. Five root modules and four re-exports
left the public library surface and Node::connections narrowed, none of it
recorded anywhere; the entry names what to use instead and distinguishes
the removed connection-phase enum from the Noise type of the same name,
which is a different type that still exists. Tracing targets moved, so an
existing RUST_LOG filter stops matching rather than erroring. And the
handshake resend interval key no longer governs the first resend, which is
now a constant, though it still governs later ones.

Seven more entries cover the work that landed after the first content pass
was written: the experimental native datagram API, the fipsctl probe
diagnostic, per-instance transport addressing, the app-owned UDP socket
seam, and the connect, disconnect and path-MTU fixes. The four bug fixes
among them all reach the deployed line, so the release notes no longer
claim this release carries exactly one fix for a shipped bug; it carries
four.

There is no security section, because after the split every security entry
belongs to the point release. The release notes say so plainly rather than
leaving a reader upgrading across both releases to conclude this one
carries no security work.

The notes are organized by audience, since the release spans OpenWrt
routers, embedders, FreeBSD, and the existing platforms, and a single list
serves none of them. The native datagram API is given a section of its own
rather than folded into the embedding seam: it is a client-facing API
rather than a way to host a node, and its one rule with no Berkeley-socket
counterpart, that the v1 wire carries no half-close, needs to be somewhere
a client author will read it. FreeBSD is advertised as supported on x86_64
only, stated wherever the platform appears. Android is advertised as an
embedding seam and not as a supported platform: a compile-gated library
surface with no artifact and no host application guide.

The configuration table rename is carried through every shipped file that
taught the old spelling: nine documentation files, the OpenWrt sample
config and a test generator, twenty-two sites in all. Guides written this
same cycle were among them, which is how the omission was found. The
documentation that arrived with the native API was checked for the same
omission and was already clean. The compatibility tests keep the old
spelling deliberately, since they exist to test the fold.

The changelog section is the fold of master's [Unreleased], not a snapshot
of it. An earlier version of this commit took a copy that then drifted, so
each section ended up holding a bullet the other did not and re-folding
them would have picked a winner silently. Both causes were fixed on master
instead — the NixOS module had never been recorded there, and the
pre-release batch of fixes was new — so [Unreleased] is a strict superset
and this is a copy rather than a merge. [0.5.0] carries all forty-six
bullets byte for byte, [Unreleased] is empty, and [0.4.2] is untouched,
checked by hashing it against master's copy.

The BLE work landed after the content pass and gets one summary entry in
the changelog and one section in the release notes rather than nine
bullets: the ble_available gate replacing target_os = "linux",
packet-boundary recovery for stream-oriented backends, peer recognition by
node identity instead of a rotating link address, the L2CAP PSM moving
into the backend seam and onto the advertisement, the embedder-supplied
Android radio, bounded probe retry, and inbound handshakes moved off the
accept loop.

The two release-notes copies no longer share their link paths. Relative
links resolve from one directory only, so the seven written for
docs/releases/ all 404ed from the root copy. The root copy now uses paths
from the repository root and the versioned copy keeps the ../ form; both
sets were resolved against the tree. The same two links are broken the
same way in the v0.4.0 through v0.4.2 notes, left as shipped history.

The contributor tallies are re-derived against maint..HEAD rather than
adjusted: twenty commits from outside the project and 171 from me, with
Arjen at fifteen and fr34aky at two. An earlier count of twelve and 138
was carried from a measurement taken three days before this content was
written, and the BLE branch widened the gap after it. Arjen's NixOS flake
module, the UDP sin6_scope_id fix and most of the BLE rework were
uncredited, as was fr34aky's L2CAP PSM seam. They want one last re-derive
at tag time if anything lands before the tag.

A sweep of all 99 tracked markdown files against the tree corrected
fifty-three of them. Four told the reader to run a build.sh that does not
exist; the only harness builder is testing/scripts/build.sh. The BLE build
prerequisites were described as optional on the strength of a probe that
build.rs does not perform, and bluez was named a build prerequisite when
libdbus-sys asks only for libdbus-1-dev and pkg-config and bluez is the
runtime daemon. Link cost is the primary sort key in next-hop ranking, not
reserved for future use; Ethernet runs on macOS as well as Linux; the BLE
MTU is the L2CAP CoC MTU rather than a negotiated ATT_MTU; effective
Ethernet MTU is 1497; the LAN discovery subsystem is src/mdns and eight
citations still named a src/discovery that never existed here. The
connectivity states in three tutorials were invented, and their jq filters
matched nothing including healthy peers. One command filtered on a literal
fd97: address prefix, which only the first byte of fixes, so it returned
empty for all but one reader in 256 and every later step using the
variable failed silently. transports.tor.advertise_on_nostr was
undocumented despite being validated against node.rendezvous.nostr.enabled.

The transport design document gains the BLE section it never had, written
from the source: the backend cascade and its compile_error tripwire, the
platform gate, the PSM advertisement wire layout and the byte budget that
forces a 16-bit service-data key, and the probe and admission bounds.

Three source files carried the same class of staleness and are corrected
with the documentation: the OpenWrt ipk usage line and Makefile error text
both named a packaging/openwrt that does not exist, and chaos.sh parsed
--subnet without listing it.

Folded in with the content commit, having been prepared alongside it:

The three GitHub Action pins that had gone stale. Every third-party
action is pinned to a commit SHA, nothing reports that a pin has aged,
and re-resolving all ten against their tags found dorny/test-reporter@v2,
taiki-e/install-action@v2 and vmactions/freebsd-vm@v1 had moved. The
three install-action@nextest references stay unpinned, since that action
reads the tool to install from the ref name. check-action-pins.sh passes
at 75 references and all nine workflow files parse.

The lockfile refresh, which is the mutating half of the dependency sweep.
Thirty-six packages move to their latest semver-compatible versions and
every one is transitive; nothing declared in Cargo.toml changes version.
No advisory forces any of them. It was taken before the validation
battery, because a gate run against a lockfile that later moves proves
nothing about what ships.

The sha2 0.10 to 0.11, hkdf 0.12 to 0.13 and bech32 0.11 to 0.12 majors,
three of the four deferred at v0.4.0 for change surface rather than
security. All three land with no source change. sha2 and hkdf must move
together, since both depend on digest 0.11, and neither changes an
algorithm. That matters because the chaining-key KDF in the Noise
handshake is built on Hkdf::<Sha256>, where an output change would be a
wire break rather than a compile error; no known-answer vectors exist for
that path, so the wire-compatibility gate is what covers it. secp256k1
0.31 is deliberately absent, since nostr's own requirement would leave
two copies of the ECC library in the tree.

The README support matrix, rebuilt as one feature table broken out by
Linux variety. A single Linux column hid that Debian, Ubuntu, Arch and
NixOS are one glibc build differing in packaging, that OpenWrt is musl
and drops BLE, and that Android is not a daemon platform. Transport rows
sort by how many platforms carry them. A Native API row reads its
platform set from the cfg gates. The installer row becomes a package
format row naming the artifact, and only the .deb is exercised per
release.

Four changelog and release-note gaps the BLE re-walk found: a Bluetooth
LE bullet stranded inside the released 0.4.2 section, a missing Fixed
entry for the scan and probe loop counting a pool-refused connection as
an established link, the unnamed embedder call that installs an
application-owned radio, and the fact that stopping the transport now
stops scanning as well as advertising.

Three release-document gaps found walking the unsurveyed commits: the UDP
reuse-flag fix stated in the direction opposite to the one it was made,
with the silent second-daemon bind it prevents left unsaid; the corrected
native-API socket paragraph carried into both release-note copies, which
still named SOCK_SEQPACKET on FreeBSD and two kernels where three are
handled; and the coordinate-cache hardening, which shipped with no text
anywhere despite adding four operator-visible status fields. That last
entry states plainly that the checks are mitigations and not a closure,
since the coordinate is still not authenticated.

Also folded in, the documentation pass that followed the content commit:

A stage-pipeline diagram for the probe, embedded in the fipsctl
reference under the five-stage list. It draws the five stages left to
right with each stage's failure reasons below it, and the bypass that
skips both lookup stages when the coordinates are cached or the target
is a direct peer. Its branches come from the probe state machine rather
than from the report, so the path stage is drawn as the one failure that
does not stop the probe.

A rewrite of the README's "What FIPS does" section. It now opens with
what a machine running FIPS gets, rather than with the two deployment
modes, and gives the self-organizing and permissionless property its own
paragraph since it holds for both modes.

A regrouping of the README's feature list into the mesh, getting traffic
onto it, and running a node, with a bullet added for the native datagram
API, which had none despite sitting in the support matrix. The Quick
start now leads with the released packages rather than a source build.
It also fixes a real defect: the package enables fips.service and
fips-dns.service and starts neither on a fresh install, so .fips name
resolution was silently dead until the next reboot and neither page said
to start the service.

A rewrite of the release notes. They opened with seven subsections of
upgrade caveats and reached the first feature two hundred lines in; they
now open with a summary of the release and elaborate below it in the
same order. Android is stated as supported through an embedded crate
rather than as a standalone daemon, consistently across all three
documents. The OpenWrt pair is corrected: it is 802.11s between routers
with FIPS supplying encryption, authentication and routing, plus a
convention of an open !FIPS SSID a client joins over WiFi, not meshing
over a router's own radios. The probe's path output is described as the
least-common-ancestor walk, which is the worst-case fallback route
rather than the route a packet takes. Detail that did not change what a
reader does was cut from the notes and kept in the changelog.
2026-08-30 10:42:59 +00:00

340 lines
15 KiB
Markdown

# Stochastic Network Simulation
Automated network testing for FIPS. Generates random or explicit
topologies, spins up Docker containers, and applies configurable
stressors (network impairment, link flaps, traffic generation, node
churn) over a timed simulation run. Scenarios cover general stress and
node churn, discovery over sparse topologies, spanning-tree and
bloom-propagation regression, transport-specific validation (UDP, TCP,
Ethernet), and ECN/congestion testing. Logs are collected and analyzed
automatically.
## Prerequisites
- Docker with the compose plugin
- Rust toolchain (for building the FIPS binary)
- Python 3 with `pyyaml` and `jinja2` packages
## Quick Start
```bash
./testing/scripts/build.sh
./testing/chaos/scripts/chaos.sh churn-mixed
```
## Available Scenarios
### General stress and churn
Random topologies with increasing stressor intensity. All three enable
netem mutation, link flaps, iperf traffic, node churn and bandwidth
tiers, and differ in transport mix, density, and whether the peer set
itself churns. Each takes a `--nodes N` override, so the node counts
below are defaults rather than fixed sizes.
| Scenario | Nodes | Topology | Duration | Peer churn |
| ---------------- | ----- | ---------------- | -------- | ---------- |
| churn-mixed | 20 | erdos_renyi | 600s | -- |
| maelstrom | 20 | erdos_renyi | 600s | yes |
| maelstrom-sparse | 50 | random_geometric | 600s | yes |
- **churn-mixed**: Mixed transports on one mesh (60% UDP, 20% Ethernet, 20%
TCP). Netem mutates 30% of links every 20-45s between normal and degraded
policies; link flaps (max 3 down, 10-30s, connectivity protected); node
churn (max 5 down, 30-90s, partitions allowed); bandwidth tiers
(1/10/100/1000 Mbps). Carries baseline assertions, so a run in which the
mesh never formed cannot report success. Local CI runs it as
`churn-mixed --nodes 10 --duration 120`, which is the invocation its
thresholds are calibrated for.
- **maelstrom**: The same stressors plus peer-level topology mutation
(connect/disconnect every 8-12s) and ephemeral identities on half the
nodes, with `coord_ttl_secs: 10` so coordinate cache entries expire during
the run. Tests re-convergence when the peer set and the identities behind
it both move.
- **maelstrom-sparse**: 50-node sparse random geometric graph (radius 0.20,
roughly 3-4 peers per node), which forces multi-hop routing and heavy
discovery use. The short coordinate TTL expires transit-warmed entries, so
nodes must rediscover rather than coast on the cache.
### Spanning-tree and bloom propagation
Explicit topology with an induced parent flap. **No runner invokes this
scenario.** It was retired from both the local and the cloud runner and is
hand-run only; the files remain in the tree and the retirement is recorded as a
coverage gap rather than as a migration to other tests.
| Scenario | Nodes | Topology | Duration | What it tests |
| ----------- | ----- | -------- | -------- | ------------------------------- |
| bloom-storm | 6 | explicit | 180s | Bloom rate under sustained flap |
- **bloom-storm**: Six-node depth-4 mesh. The two candidate uplinks at depth 2
swap netem delay (5ms against 100ms) every 4s with parent-flap dampening
disabled, so the node switches parents each round. Asserts a ceiling on the
`stats.bloom.sent` delta per node over the trailing 30s, and a floor of 10
parent switches so a harness that never produced a real switch cannot pass
trivially. `scenarios/bloom-storm.README.md` carries the bug-class
description and the threshold derivation.
### Cost-based parent selection — retired, now sans-IO unit tests
The cost-selection scenarios (cost-avoidance, depth-vs-cost, bottleneck-parent,
cost-reeval, cost-stability, mixed-technology) were retired on 2026-07-23.
Their subject was the pure `TreeState::evaluate_parent` decision — which parent
wins on `effective_depth = depth + link_cost`, when periodic re-evaluation
switches, and when hysteresis suppresses a flap. A Docker mesh could not test
that reliably: the root is whichever node holds the smallest `NodeAddr`, MMP
costs take several measurement windows to settle, and hold-down plus hysteresis
timing all confound the outcome (a deterministic `link_swap` attempt still
produced zero periodic switches in a full run).
That logic is now covered by deterministic sans-IO unit tests in
`src/proto/stp/tests/state.rs` (`test_effective_depth_*`, `test_hysteresis_*`,
`test_cost_*`), which run in the cargo quartet on every commit and can each be
shown to fail by breaking the cost or hysteresis logic.
### Transport-specific
Explicit topologies exercising non-UDP transports.
| Scenario | Nodes | Transport | Shape | Duration | Netem | Link Flaps | What it tests |
| ------------- | ----- | -------------- | ----- | -------- | ----- | ---------- | ------------------------------------------ |
| ethernet-only | 4 | Ethernet | Ring | 30s | yes | -- | AF_PACKET transport with beacon discovery |
| ethernet-mesh | 6 | UDP + Ethernet | Mesh | 120s | yes | yes | Mixed UDP/Ethernet, netem mutation + flaps |
| tcp-mesh | 6 | UDP + TCP | Mesh | 120s | yes | yes | Mixed UDP/TCP, netem mutation + flaps |
- **ethernet-only**: 4-node ring on raw Ethernet (AF_PACKET). Peers discovered
via beacons, not static config. Minimal netem (1-5ms delay).
- **ethernet-mesh**: Mirrors `tcp-mesh` topology but with Ethernet instead of
TCP. UDP edges use static config; Ethernet edges use beacon discovery.
- **tcp-mesh**: 6-node mesh with 4 UDP and 3 TCP edges. Both transports use
static peer config. Netem mutation (30% fraction, every 20-40s) and link
flaps (1 link max, 10-20s down).
### Congestion and ECN
Scenarios testing ECN congestion signaling and transport-level congestion
detection.
| Scenario | Nodes | Topology | Duration | What it tests |
| ------------------ | ----- | -------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------- |
| congestion-stress | 10 | Tree | 120s | CE marking under kernel drops and MMP loss detection |
| ecn-ab-on / ecn-ab-off | 6 | Tree | 120s | A/B throughput comparison: ECN enabled vs disabled |
- **congestion-stress**: 10-node tree with 1 Mbps egress bandwidth caps,
5-10% netem loss, and heavy iperf3 traffic. Ingress policing (1000 kbps)
and small `recv_buf_size` (4 KB) trigger both MMP loss detection and
`SO_RXQ_OVFL` kernel socket drops. Validates end-to-end CE propagation:
transit nodes detect congestion, set CE flag, destinations receive
CE-marked packets, `ecn_ce_count` reported in MMP.
- **ecn-ab-on / ecn-ab-off**: Paired scenarios with identical conditions
(6-node tree, 10 Mbps egress, 1000 kbps ingress policing, 10ms link
delay, 8 KB recv buffer) differing only in `ecn.enabled`.
`ecn-ab-compare.sh` runs both and prints a side-by-side of throughput
and congestion counters. It is a manual tool, not a test: it asserts
nothing and no runner invokes it. The "+10.2% recv throughput with ECN
enabled" figure once recorded here is not reproducible from anything on
disk — the script read a fixed `sim-results/ecn-ab-on/` path while the
runner has written timestamped directories since 2026-03-20, and no
ecn-ab result directory survives. The path bug is fixed; the figure is
left out until a run produces one.
### Ingress Traffic Control
Scenarios can include `ingress` configuration to simulate upstream bandwidth
bottlenecks using tc ingress policing:
```yaml
ingress:
enabled: true
tiers_kbps: [1000] # per-peer rate limit in kbps
burst_bytes: 10000 # policer burst allowance
```
Per-peer u32 filters on the ingress qdisc (`parent ffff:`) rate-limit
inbound packets. Combined with small `recv_buf_size`, this reliably triggers
`SO_RXQ_OVFL` kernel socket drops for congestion detection testing.
### iperf3 JSON Capture
Traffic sessions capture iperf3 results using `--json` output. Results are
collected per-session from containers and saved as `iperf3-results.json` in
the scenario output directory, enabling automated throughput analysis across
scenario runs.
## CLI Options
| Option | Description |
| ----------------- | ------------------------------------ |
| `-v`, `--verbose` | Enable debug logging |
| `--seed N` | Override the scenario's random seed |
| `--duration secs` | Override the scenario's duration |
| `--nodes N` | Override the scenario's node count |
| `--subnet CIDR` | Override the simulation's subnet |
| `--list` | List available scenarios |
The scenario argument accepts either a name (`churn-mixed`) or a file
path (`scenarios/churn-mixed.yaml`). `--list` prints the names that
resolve.
## Scenario YAML Format
Annotated example based on `churn-mixed.yaml`:
```yaml
scenario:
name: "churn-mixed"
seed: 42 # deterministic RNG seed
duration_secs: 600 # total simulation time
topology:
num_nodes: 20
algorithm: erdos_renyi # or random_geometric, chain, explicit
params:
p: 0.3 # algorithm-specific parameter
ensure_connected: true # retry until graph is connected
subnet: "172.20.0.0/16"
ip_start: 10 # first node gets .10
transport_mix: # fraction of edges per transport
udp: 0.6
ethernet: 0.2
tcp: 0.2
netem:
enabled: true
default_policy:
delay_ms: { min: 5, max: 50 }
jitter_ms: { min: 1, max: 10 }
loss_pct: { min: 0, max: 2 }
mutation:
interval_secs: { min: 20, max: 45 } # re-roll interval
fraction: 0.3 # fraction of links mutated
policies: # named policy profiles
normal:
delay_ms: [5, 20]
loss_pct: [0, 1]
degraded:
delay_ms: [50, 100]
jitter_ms: [10, 30]
loss_pct: [3, 8]
link_flaps:
enabled: true
interval_secs: { min: 30, max: 60 }
max_down_links: 3
down_duration_secs: { min: 10, max: 30 }
protect_connectivity: true # never partition the graph
traffic:
enabled: true
max_concurrent: 10
interval_secs: { min: 0, max: 30 }
duration_secs: { min: 5, max: 90 }
parallel_streams: 4
node_churn:
enabled: true
interval_secs: { min: 60, max: 90 }
max_down_nodes: 5
down_duration_secs: { min: 30, max: 90 }
protect_connectivity: false # partitions allowed
bandwidth:
enabled: true # per-link HTB rate limiting
tiers_mbps: [1, 10, 100, 1000] # each link randomly assigned a tier
assertions: # evaluated after the run
baseline:
min_nodes_reporting: 10
max_roots: 6
min_nodes_parented: 4
min_sessions: 10
logging:
rust_log: "debug"
output_dir: "./sim-results"
```
The assertion thresholds in the shipped file are calibrated against
recorded runs at the invocation CI uses, and the file's own comments say
what they were derived from. Read those before retuning them.
## Topology Algorithms
| Algorithm | Parameters | Description |
| ---------------- | -------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- |
| random_geometric | radius (default 0.5) | Place nodes in unit square, connect pairs within radius |
| erdos_renyi | p (default 0.3) | Include each edge independently with probability p |
| chain | -- | Linear chain: n01--n02--...--nN |
| explicit | adjacency list | Hardcoded edges with optional per-edge transport type |
When `ensure_connected` is true (default), the generator retries up to
50 times to produce a connected graph.
### Directed Outbound Configs
The config generator assigns each static-config edge (UDP or TCP) to
exactly one node for outbound connection using a BFS spanning tree rooted
at the lowest node ID. Tree edges are assigned parent-to-child; non-tree
edges are assigned from the lower node ID to the higher. This eliminates
the dual-connect race condition where both sides initiate simultaneously,
and creates a clear "owning side" for each link — relevant for
auto-reconnect testing. Ethernet edges are excluded from static config
since they use beacon discovery.
## Output
Results written to `sim-results/` (configurable via
`logging.output_dir`):
- `status.txt` -- How the run ended, plus the scenario, the seed and the
container names it used; one `key=value` per line
- `analysis.txt` -- Summary: panics, errors, sessions, metrics
- `metadata.txt` -- Seed, node count, edges, adjacency list
- `runner.log` -- Orchestration events (topology, netem, churn, traffic) with timestamps
- `fips-node-nXX.log` -- Per-node log output
The `status` field reads:
- `completed` -- ran for its configured duration
- `interrupted` -- a signal cut the run short, so the artifacts are real
but describe less time than the scenario asked for
- `aborted` -- the run raised part way through; same caveat, and
`runner.log` carries the traceback
- `setup-failed` -- the containers never started
- `teardown-failed` -- the mesh ran but its logs or analysis could not be
produced
A `setup-failed` directory holds `runner.log` and `status.txt` and nothing
else. Nothing is harvested, because container names are global to the host
and reading them after a failed setup describes whichever run holds them
now. So `analysis.txt` in a result directory is proof that this scenario's
own mesh existed. A directory with no `status.txt` was written before this
was the case and says nothing either way.
Exit codes:
- `0` -- Ran to completion, no panics, every assertion passed
- `1` -- The scenario file could not be loaded, or a second interrupt
arrived while the first was being handled
- `2` -- Panics found in the collected node logs. Also what the argument
parser exits with when it rejects the command line, before any run starts
- `3` -- A post-run assertion failed
- `4` -- Setup, warmup, the simulation loop or teardown raised, so the run
did not complete; `runner.log` carries the traceback
Codes 2 and 3 describe what a mesh that ran did. Code 4 says there is
nothing to describe, and takes precedence over both. Code 2 is dual-use:
a run that never started cannot have panicked, so read it together with
whether `runner.log` exists.
A run stopped by a signal exits on this same ladder rather than one of its
own: what it collected before stopping is still worth reporting, and
`status.txt` says it was cut short. `chaos.sh` reports 130 for a Ctrl-C of
its own accord.
## Creating Custom Scenarios
1. Copy an existing scenario from `scenarios/`.
2. Adjust topology size, algorithm, and stressor parameters.
3. Run with `./testing/chaos/scripts/chaos.sh path/to/custom.yaml`.