diff --git a/docs/code_structure.md b/docs/code_structure.md
index eace7bf7..50b7d315 100644
--- a/docs/code_structure.md
+++ b/docs/code_structure.md
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ The `Controller` then ends up being quite stripped down. For example, there's no
 * `Model`s: Store the persistent settings, the in-memory seeds, current wallet information, etc.
 * `Controller`: Manages the state of the world and controls access to global resources.
 * `View`s: Implementation of each screen. Prepares relevant data for display. Must also instantiate the display objects that will actually render the UI.
-* `gui.templates`: Re-usable formatted UI renderers.
+* `gui.screens`: Re-usable formatted UI renderers.
 * `gui.components`: Basic individual UI elements that are used by the `templates` such as the top nav, buttons, button lists, text displays.
 
-In an typical webserver context the `View` would send data to an html template (e.g. Jinja) which would then dynamically populate the page with html elements like `<input>`, `<button>`, `<img>`, etc. This is analgous to our `gui.templates` constructing a UI renderer by piecing together various `gui.components` as needed.
+In an typical webserver context the `View` would send data to an html template (e.g. Jinja) which would then dynamically populate the page with html elements like `<input>`, `<button>`, `<img>`, etc. This is analgous to our `gui.screens` constructing a UI renderer by piecing together various `gui.components` as needed.
 
 
 
diff --git a/src/seedsigner/controller.py b/src/seedsigner/controller.py
index 4e812161..baec79ea 100644
--- a/src/seedsigner/controller.py
+++ b/src/seedsigner/controller.py
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ class Controller(ConfigurableSingleton):
 
 
     def start(self) -> None:
-        from .views import OpeningSplashView, MainMenuView
+        from .views import View, OpeningSplashView, MainMenuView
 
         opening_splash = OpeningSplashView()
         # opening_splash.start()
@@ -140,9 +140,11 @@ class Controller(ConfigurableSingleton):
                 if type(result) is tuple:
                     View_cls = result[0]
                     run_args = result[1]
-                else:
+                elif type(result) is View:
                     View_cls = result
                     run_args = {}
+                else:
+                    raise Exception("Invalid View.run() return type; must be tuple(View, args_dict) or View.")
 
                 print(f"View_cls: {View_cls.__name__ if View_cls else 'None'}")
 
diff --git a/src/seedsigner/gui/components.py b/src/seedsigner/gui/components.py
index b8d4abc6..1611cbde 100644
--- a/src/seedsigner/gui/components.py
+++ b/src/seedsigner/gui/components.py
@@ -14,6 +14,28 @@ COMPONENT_PADDING = 8
 
 
 
+def calc_text_centering(font, text, is_text_centered, box_width, box_height, start_x, start_y):
+    # see: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/handbook/text-anchors.html#text-anchors
+    offset_x, offset_y = font.getoffset(text)
+    (box_left, box_top, box_right, box_bottom) = font.getbbox(text, anchor='lt')
+    ascent, descent = font.getmetrics()
+
+    # print(f"----- {text} -----")
+    # print(f"offset_x, offset_y: ({offset_x}, {offset_y})")
+    # print(f"(box_left, box_top, box_right, box_bottom): ({box_left}, {box_top}, {box_right}, {box_bottom})")
+    # print(f"ascent, descent: ({ascent}, {descent})")
+
+    if is_text_centered:
+        text_x = int((box_width - (box_right - offset_x)) / 2) - offset_x
+    else:
+        text_x = COMPONENT_PADDING
+
+    text_y = int((box_height - (ascent - offset_y)) / 2) - offset_y
+
+    return (start_x + text_x, start_y + text_y)
+
+
+
 class Fonts(Singleton):
     font_path = os.path.join(pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.resolve(), "..", "resources", "fonts")
     fonts = {}
@@ -184,21 +206,15 @@ class Button(BaseComponent):
         if not self.font:
             self.font = Fonts.get_font("OpenSans-SemiBold", 18)
 
-        # see: https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/handbook/text-anchors.html#text-anchors
-        offset_x, offset_y = self.font.getoffset(self.text)
-        (box_left, box_top, box_right, box_bottom) = self.font.getbbox(self.text, anchor='lt')
-        ascent, descent = self.font.getmetrics()
-
-        # print(f"----- {self.text} -----")
-        # print(f"offset_x, offset_y: ({offset_x}, {offset_y})")
-        # print(f"(box_left, box_top, box_right, box_bottom): ({box_left}, {box_top}, {box_right}, {box_bottom})")
-        # print(f"ascent, descent: ({ascent}, {descent})")
-
-        if self.is_text_centered:
-            self.text_x = self.screen_x + int((self.width - (box_right - offset_x)) / 2) - offset_x
-        else:
-            self.text_x = self.screen_x + COMPONENT_PADDING
-        self.text_y = self.screen_y + int((self.height - (ascent - offset_y)) / 2) - offset_y
+        (self.text_x, self.text_y) = calc_text_centering(
+            font=self.font,
+            text=self.text,
+            is_text_centered=self.is_text_centered,
+            box_width=self.width,
+            box_height=self.height,
+            start_x=self.screen_x,
+            start_y=self.screen_y
+        )
 
 
     def render(self):
@@ -255,12 +271,15 @@ class TopNav(BaseComponent):
         #             break
 
         # else:
-        # TESTING
-        self.text_width, self.text_height = self.font.getsize(self.text)
-        self.text_x = int((self.width - self.text_width) / 2)
-        self.text_y = int((self.height - self.text_height) / 2)
-        # End TESTING
-
+        (self.text_x, self.text_y) = calc_text_centering(
+            font=self.font,
+            text=self.text,
+            is_text_centered=True,
+            box_width=self.width,
+            box_height=self.height,
+            start_x=0,
+            start_y=0
+        )
 
 
     def update_from_input(self, input, enter_from=None):
diff --git a/src/seedsigner/views/demo.py b/src/seedsigner/views/demo.py
deleted file mode 100644
index e69de29b..00000000
diff --git a/src/seedsigner/views/menu_view.py b/src/seedsigner/views/menu_view.py
index e9f91fc2..3db0669c 100644
--- a/src/seedsigner/views/menu_view.py
+++ b/src/seedsigner/views/menu_view.py
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ class SeedToolsMenuView(View):
         ).display()
 
         if selected_menu_num == 0:
-            print("returning MainMenuView")
-            return (MainMenuView, {})
+            return MainMenuView
         elif selected_menu_num == 1:
             return Path.SAVE_SEED
         elif selected_menu_num == 2:
diff --git a/src/seedsigner/views/view.py b/src/seedsigner/views/view.py
index 0ff263b2..61228fd4 100644
--- a/src/seedsigner/views/view.py
+++ b/src/seedsigner/views/view.py
@@ -93,9 +93,11 @@ class MainMenuView(View):
         if selected_menu_num == 0:
             return SeedToolsMenuView
         elif selected_menu_num == 1:
-            ret_val = Path.SIGN_TRANSACTION
+            return None
+            # ret_val = Path.SIGN_TRANSACTION
         elif selected_menu_num == 2:
-            return self.display_settings_menu
+            return None
+            # return self.display_settings_menu
         elif selected_menu_num == 3:
             return PowerOffView