fix: guard meaningful stream events and scope cooldown failures

routstr/proxy.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import asyncio
 import inspect
 import json
+import re
 from typing import Any
 
 from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Request
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ from .core.db import (
     create_session,
 )
 from .core.error_scope import (
+    ERROR_SCOPE_HEADER,
     ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM,
     UPSTREAM_ERROR_STATUS,
     UPSTREAM_UNAVAILABLE,
@@ -39,7 +41,12 @@ from .payment.helpers import (
 )
 from .payment.models import Model
 from .upstream import BaseUpstreamProvider
-from .upstream.cooldown import is_cooling_down, record_failure
+from .upstream.cooldown import (
+    candidate_model_identity,
+    is_cooling_down,
+    provider_identity,
+    record_failure,
+)
 from .upstream.ehbp import forward_ehbp_request, forward_ehbp_x_cashu_request
 from .upstream.helpers import init_upstreams
 from .upstream.model_paths import (
@@ -116,8 +123,6 @@ def get_candidates(
     if candidates := _provider_map.get(model_id_lower):
         return candidates
 
-    import re
-
     base_model_id = re.sub(r"-\d{8}$", "", model_id_lower)
     if base_model_id != model_id_lower:
         if candidates := _provider_map.get(base_model_id):
@@ -410,6 +415,13 @@ def _counts_toward_cooldown(status_code: int) -> bool:
     return status_code >= 500 or status_code == UPSTREAM_ERROR_STATUS
 
 
+def _upstream_response_failure(response: Response) -> bool:
+    return (
+        _counts_toward_cooldown(response.status_code)
+        and response.headers.get(ERROR_SCOPE_HEADER) == ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM
+    )
+
+
 def _attribute_request(
     request: Request, model_obj: Model, upstream: BaseUpstreamProvider
 ) -> None:
@@ -705,7 +717,10 @@ async def _proxy(
         healthy = [
             candidate
             for candidate in candidates
-            if not is_cooling_down(candidate[1].base_url, model_id)
+            if not is_cooling_down(
+                provider_identity(candidate[1]),
+                candidate_model_identity(candidate[0], model_id),
+            )
         ]
         if healthy:
             candidates = healthy
@@ -737,7 +752,7 @@ async def _proxy(
                             model_id,
                         )
                         continue
-                    return await forward_ehbp_x_cashu_request(
+                    response = await forward_ehbp_x_cashu_request(
                         request=request,
                         x_cashu_token=x_cashu,
                         path=path,
@@ -746,7 +761,7 @@ async def _proxy(
                         upstream=upstream,
                     )
                 elif is_responses_api:
-                    return await upstream.handle_x_cashu_responses(
+                    response = await upstream.handle_x_cashu_responses(
                         request,
                         x_cashu,
                         path,
@@ -755,7 +770,7 @@ async def _proxy(
                         request_body=request_body,
                     )
                 else:
-                    return await upstream.handle_x_cashu(
+                    response = await upstream.handle_x_cashu(
                         request,
                         x_cashu,
                         path,
@@ -763,6 +778,12 @@ async def _proxy(
                         model_obj,
                         request_body=request_body,
                     )
+                if _upstream_response_failure(response):
+                    record_failure(
+                        provider_identity(upstream),
+                        candidate_model_identity(model_obj, model_id),
+                    )
+                return response
             except UpstreamError as e:
                 logger.warning(
                     "Upstream %s failed (x-cashu) for model=%s: %s",
@@ -775,6 +796,13 @@ async def _proxy(
                         "status_code": e.status_code,
                     },
                 )
+                if e.scope == ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM and _counts_toward_cooldown(
+                    e.status_code
+                ):
+                    record_failure(
+                        provider_identity(upstream),
+                        candidate_model_identity(model_obj, model_id),
+                    )
                 if i == len(candidates) - 1:
                     last_error = e
                 continue
@@ -1044,8 +1072,11 @@ async def _proxy(
                 break
 
             if response.status_code != 200:
-                if _counts_toward_cooldown(response.status_code):
+                if _upstream_response_failure(response):
-                    record_failure(upstream.base_url, model_id)
+                    record_failure(
+                        provider_identity(upstream),
+                        candidate_model_identity(model_obj, model_id),
+                    )
                 # 424 is an upstream failure re-reported by error_scope.
                 # 502/503 are upstream errors, 429 rate limits.
                 should_retry = response.status_code in [
@@ -1133,8 +1164,13 @@ async def _proxy(
             raise
 
         except UpstreamError as e:
-            if _counts_toward_cooldown(e.status_code):
+            if e.scope == ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM and _counts_toward_cooldown(
-                record_failure(upstream.base_url, model_id)
+                e.status_code
+            ):
+                record_failure(
+                    provider_identity(upstream),
+                    candidate_model_identity(model_obj, model_id),
+                )
             logger.warning(
                 "Upstream %s failed for model=%s: %s",
                 upstream.provider_type,

routstr/upstream/base.py

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ from ..core.error_scope import (
     ERROR_SCOPE_HEADER,
     ERROR_SCOPE_NODE,
     ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM,
+    UPSTREAM_ERROR_STATUS,
     client_code_for_upstream_error,
     client_status_for_upstream_error,
     upstream_status_details,
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ from .cache_breakpoints import (
     inject_anthropic_cache_breakpoints,
     is_explicit_cache_model,
 )
+from .cooldown import model_identity, provider_identity, record_failure
 from .count_tokens import MissingUsageEstimator, count_tokens_locally
 from .http_client import acquire_upstream_http_client, build_x_cashu_client
 from .litellm_routing import detect_litellm_prefix
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ from .stream_ownership import (
     close_upstream_exchange,
     finalize_and_close_stream,
 )
-from .stream_timeout import open_guarded_stream
+from .stream_timeout import GuardedStream, open_guarded_stream
 
 if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
     from .ehbp import ConfidentialInferenceProfile, EHBPForwardingTarget
@@ -1127,6 +1129,17 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
             )
             return True
 
+    async def _guard_stream(
+        self, response: httpx.Response, model_obj: Model | None, *, sse: bool
+    ) -> GuardedStream:
+        def on_idle() -> None:
+            if model_obj is not None and model_obj.id:
+                record_failure(provider_identity(self), model_identity(model_obj.id))
+
+        return await open_guarded_stream(
+            response, self.provider_type, sse=sse, on_idle_timeout=on_idle
+        )
+
     async def handle_streaming_chat_completion(
         self,
         response: httpx.Response,
@@ -1148,7 +1161,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
         Returns:
             StreamingResponse with cost data injected at the end
         """
-        guarded_chunks = await open_guarded_stream(response, self.provider_type)
+        guarded_chunks = await self._guard_stream(response, model_obj, sse=True)
 
         if reservation_snapshot is None:
             async with create_session() as snapshot_session:
@@ -1436,7 +1449,9 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
 
                         yield f"data: {json.dumps(usage_chunk_data)}\n\n".encode()
 
-                if done_seen:
+                if guarded_chunks.timed_out:
+                    yield b'data: {"error":{"code":"UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT","message":"Upstream stream stalled"}}\n\n'
+                elif done_seen:
                     yield b"data: [DONE]\n\n"
 
             except httpx.RemoteProtocolError as stream_error:
@@ -1642,7 +1657,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
         Returns:
             StreamingResponse with cost data injected at the end
         """
-        guarded_chunks = await open_guarded_stream(response, self.provider_type)
+        guarded_chunks = await self._guard_stream(response, model_obj, sse=True)
 
         usage_estimator = MissingUsageEstimator(request_body, model_obj)
 
@@ -1844,7 +1859,9 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
 
                         if usage_chunk_data is None:
                             usage_chunk_data = {
-                                "type": "response.completed",
+                                "type": "response.failed"
+                                if guarded_chunks.timed_out
+                                else "response.completed",
                                 "response": {
                                     "model": last_model_seen or "unknown",
                                     "usage": {
@@ -1865,6 +1882,14 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
                                     + cost_data.get("output_tokens", 0),
                                 },
                             }
+                        if guarded_chunks.timed_out:
+                            usage_chunk_data["type"] = "response.failed"
+                            response_data = usage_chunk_data.get("response")
+                            if isinstance(response_data, dict):
+                                response_data["error"] = {
+                                    "code": "UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT",
+                                    "message": "Upstream stream stalled",
+                                }
 
                         try:
                             self.inject_cost_metadata(
@@ -1880,7 +1905,12 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
 
                         yield f"data: {json.dumps(usage_chunk_data)}\n\n".encode()
 
-                if done_seen:
+                if guarded_chunks.timed_out and (
+                    usage_chunk_data is None
+                    or usage_chunk_data.get("type") != "response.failed"
+                ):
+                    yield b'data: {"error":{"code":"UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT","message":"Upstream stream stalled"}}\n\n'
+                if done_seen and not guarded_chunks.timed_out:
                     yield b"data: [DONE]\n\n"
 
             except httpx.RemoteProtocolError as stream_error:
@@ -2125,6 +2155,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
         provider_fee: float | None,
         reservation_snapshot: ReservationSnapshot,
         finalizer: PersistentStreamFinalizer | None = None,
+        guarded_chunks: GuardedStream | None = None,
     ) -> AsyncGenerator[bytes, None]:
         """Relay an opaque stream and settle it even if the caller disconnects."""
         if finalizer is None:
@@ -2142,14 +2173,22 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
                 )
             )
         try:
-            # This generator is already the response body, so a first-chunk
+            if guarded_chunks is None:
-            # timeout here can only abort the stream, never fail over.
+                guarded_chunks = await self._guard_stream(
-            async for chunk in await open_guarded_stream(response, self.provider_type):
+                    response, model_obj, sse=False
+                )
+            async for chunk in guarded_chunks:
                 yield chunk
+            if guarded_chunks.timed_out:
+                raise UpstreamError(
+                    "Upstream stream stalled",
+                    status_code=UPSTREAM_ERROR_STATUS,
+                    code="UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT",
+                )
         finally:
             await finalizer.run()
 
-    def _generic_streaming_response(
+    async def _generic_streaming_response(
         self,
         response: httpx.Response,
         key_hash: str,
@@ -2159,6 +2198,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
         provider_fee: float | None,
         reservation_snapshot: ReservationSnapshot,
     ) -> ClosingStreamingResponse:
+        guarded_chunks = await self._guard_stream(response, model_obj, sse=False)
         finalizer = PersistentStreamFinalizer(
             lambda: finalize_and_close_stream(
                 lambda: self._finalize_generic_streaming_payment(
@@ -2181,6 +2221,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
             provider_fee,
             reservation_snapshot,
             finalizer,
+            guarded_chunks,
         )
         return ClosingStreamingResponse(
             stream,
@@ -2199,7 +2240,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
         reservation_snapshot: ReservationSnapshot | None = None,
         request_body: bytes | None = None,
     ) -> StreamingResponse:
-        guarded_chunks = await open_guarded_stream(response, self.provider_type)
+        guarded_chunks = await self._guard_stream(response, model_obj, sse=True)
 
         usage_estimator = MissingUsageEstimator(request_body, model_obj)
         usage_finalized = False
@@ -2469,6 +2510,8 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
                     maybe_cost_event = await finalize_without_usage()
                     if maybe_cost_event is not None:
                         yield maybe_cost_event
+                if guarded_chunks.timed_out:
+                    yield b'event: error\ndata: {"error":{"code":"UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT","message":"Upstream stream stalled"}}\n\n'
 
             except httpx.ReadError:
                 if not usage_finalized:
@@ -3421,7 +3464,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
                 },
             )
 
-            result = self._generic_streaming_response(
+            result = await self._generic_streaming_response(
                 response,
                 key.hashed_key,
                 max_cost_for_model,
@@ -3706,7 +3749,7 @@ class BaseUpstreamProvider:
                 },
             )
 
-            result = self._generic_streaming_response(
+            result = await self._generic_streaming_response(
                 response,
                 key.hashed_key,
                 max_cost_for_model,

routstr/upstream/cooldown.py

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ cooldown that outlives a restart would hide a provider that has recovered.
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import time
+from typing import Any
 
 from ..core import get_logger
 from ..core.settings import settings
@@ -19,6 +20,24 @@ _failures: dict[tuple[str, str], list[float]] = {}
 _cooling_until: dict[tuple[str, str], float] = {}
 
 
+def provider_identity(upstream: Any) -> str:
+    db_id = getattr(upstream, "db_id", None)
+    if isinstance(db_id, int):
+        return f"db:{db_id}"
+    return f"{upstream.provider_type.lower()}|{upstream.base_url.lower()}"
+
+
+def model_identity(model_id: str) -> str:
+    return model_id.lower()
+
+
+def candidate_model_identity(model: Any, requested_model_id: str) -> str:
+    model_id = getattr(model, "id", None)
+    return model_identity(
+        model_id if isinstance(model_id, str) and model_id else requested_model_id
+    )
+
+
 def record_failure(provider_id: str, model_id: str) -> None:
     """Count a timeout or 5xx, opening a cooldown once too many land in a minute."""
     if settings.upstream_cooldown_seconds <= 0:

routstr/upstream/stream_timeout.py

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from __future__ import annotations
 
 import asyncio
-from collections.abc import AsyncIterator
+from collections.abc import AsyncIterator, Callable
 
 import httpx
 
@@ -11,25 +11,93 @@ from ..core import get_logger
 from ..core.error_scope import UPSTREAM_ERROR_STATUS
 from ..core.exceptions import UpstreamError
 from ..core.settings import settings
+from .sse_splitter import SSEEventSplitter
 
 logger = get_logger(__name__)
 
 
-async def open_guarded_stream(
+class GuardedStream(AsyncIterator[bytes]):
-    response: httpx.Response, provider_type: str
+    def __init__(
-) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        self,
-    """Await the upstream's first chunk, then hand back the whole stream.
+        first: bytes | None,
+        chunks: AsyncIterator[bytes],
+        provider_type: str,
+        on_idle_timeout: Callable[[], None] | None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.timed_out = False
+        self._chunks = self._resume(first, chunks, provider_type, on_idle_timeout)
 
-    Awaiting the first chunk before any ``StreamingResponse`` exists is what
+    def __aiter__(self) -> GuardedStream:
-    makes a slow-starting provider recoverable: the proxy's candidate loop only
+        return self
-    sees errors raised while it still owns the request, and no byte has reached
+
-    the client yet. A stall after that chunk cannot fail over, so the returned
+    async def __anext__(self) -> bytes:
-    iterator simply ends and the caller's finalizer settles actual usage.
+        return await anext(self._chunks)
+
+    async def _resume(
+        self,
+        first: bytes | None,
+        chunks: AsyncIterator[bytes],
+        provider_type: str,
+        on_idle_timeout: Callable[[], None] | None,
+    ) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        chunk = first
+        while chunk is not None:
+            yield chunk
+            try:
+                chunk = await _next_chunk(
+                    chunks, settings.upstream_stream_idle_timeout_seconds
+                )
+            except TimeoutError:
+                self.timed_out = True
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Upstream stream stalled; aborting and billing actual usage",
+                    extra={
+                        "provider": provider_type,
+                        "idle_timeout_seconds": settings.upstream_stream_idle_timeout_seconds,
+                    },
+                )
+                if on_idle_timeout is not None:
+                    on_idle_timeout()
+                return
+
+
+def _has_data(event: bytes) -> bool:
+    return any(
+        line.startswith(b"data:") and line[5:].strip() for line in event.split(b"\n")
+    )
+
+
+async def _sse_events(chunks: AsyncIterator[bytes]) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+    """Yield only deliverable SSE data events; comments cannot reset deadlines."""
+    splitter = SSEEventSplitter()
+    async for chunk in chunks:
+        for event in splitter.feed(chunk):
+            if _has_data(event):
+                yield event + b"\n\n"
+    tail = splitter.flush()
+    if _has_data(tail):
+        # Keep an unterminated tail unterminated: the caller's final flush must
+        # not mistake truncated JSON for a complete SSE frame.
+        yield tail
+
+
+async def open_guarded_stream(
+    response: httpx.Response,
+    provider_type: str,
+    *,
+    sse: bool = False,
+    on_idle_timeout: Callable[[], None] | None = None,
+) -> GuardedStream:
+    """Prefetch a deliverable event before handing a response to the client.
+
+    Once the first event is sent, a stall cannot fail over; the stream ends and
+    the caller's finalizer settles usage observed before the interruption.
     """
     chunks = response.aiter_bytes().__aiter__()
+    guarded_chunks = _sse_events(chunks) if sse else chunks
     timeout = settings.upstream_first_token_timeout_seconds
     try:
-        first = await _next_chunk(chunks, timeout)
+        first = await _next_chunk(guarded_chunks, timeout)
     except TimeoutError:
         await response.aclose()
         raise UpstreamError(
@@ -37,7 +105,7 @@ async def open_guarded_stream(
             status_code=UPSTREAM_ERROR_STATUS,
             code="UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT",
         ) from None
-    return _resume(first, chunks, provider_type)
+    return GuardedStream(first, guarded_chunks, provider_type, on_idle_timeout)
 
 
 async def _next_chunk(chunks: AsyncIterator[bytes], timeout: float) -> bytes | None:
@@ -47,23 +115,3 @@ async def _next_chunk(chunks: AsyncIterator[bytes], timeout: float) -> bytes | N
         return await (asyncio.wait_for(step, timeout) if timeout > 0 else step)
     except StopAsyncIteration:
         return None
-
-
-async def _resume(
-    first: bytes | None, chunks: AsyncIterator[bytes], provider_type: str
-) -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
-    idle_timeout = settings.upstream_stream_idle_timeout_seconds
-    chunk = first
-    while chunk is not None:
-        yield chunk
-        try:
-            chunk = await _next_chunk(chunks, idle_timeout)
-        except TimeoutError:
-            logger.warning(
-                "Upstream stream stalled; aborting and billing actual usage",
-                extra={
-                    "provider": provider_type,
-                    "idle_timeout_seconds": idle_timeout,
-                },
-            )
-            return

tests/unit/test_streaming_billing_finalization.py

@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ async def test_streaming_response_closes_iterator_when_downstream_send_is_cancel
     reservation = MagicMock(spec=ReservationSnapshot)
     upstream_response.status_code = 201
     upstream_response.headers = {"x-upstream": "preserved"}
-    response = provider._generic_streaming_response(
+    response = await provider._generic_streaming_response(
         upstream_response,
         "key-hash",
         500,
@@ -377,7 +377,7 @@ async def test_generic_stream_settles_when_response_start_fails() -> None:
     upstream_response.status_code = 201
     upstream_response.headers = {"x-upstream": "preserved"}
     reservation = MagicMock(spec=ReservationSnapshot)
-    response = provider._generic_streaming_response(
+    response = await provider._generic_streaming_response(
         upstream_response,
         "key-hash",
         500,

tests/unit/test_upstream_stream_timeout.py

@@ -9,8 +9,14 @@ from unittest.mock import AsyncMock, MagicMock, patch
 import httpx
 import pytest
 
+from routstr.core.error_scope import (
+    ERROR_SCOPE_HEADER,
+    ERROR_SCOPE_NODE,
+    ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM,
+)
 from routstr.core.exceptions import UpstreamError
 from routstr.core.settings import settings
+from routstr.upstream.base import BaseUpstreamProvider
 from routstr.upstream.cooldown import is_cooling_down, record_failure
 from routstr.upstream.stream_timeout import open_guarded_stream
 
@@ -33,6 +39,12 @@ async def _stalls_after_first() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
     yield b"never delivered"
 
 
+async def _heartbeat_only(frame: bytes = b": keepalive\n\n") -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+    while True:
+        yield frame
+        await asyncio.sleep(0.002)
+
+
 @pytest.fixture
 def fast_timeouts(monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_first_token_timeout_seconds", 0.01)
@@ -53,6 +65,74 @@ async def test_first_token_timeout_closes_response_and_raises(
     response.aclose.assert_awaited_once()
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_generic_stream_times_out_before_response_is_handed_off(
+    fast_timeouts: None,
+) -> None:
+    provider = BaseUpstreamProvider(base_url="https://slow.example", api_key="test")
+    response = _response(_never())
+
+    with pytest.raises(UpstreamError, match="no first chunk"):
+        await provider._generic_streaming_response(
+            response, "key-hash", 100, "audio/speech", None, None, MagicMock()
+        )
+
+    response.aclose.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_generic_stream_idle_abort_settles_without_clean_completion(
+    fast_timeouts: None,
+) -> None:
+    provider = BaseUpstreamProvider(base_url="https://slow.example", api_key="test")
+    finalize = AsyncMock()
+    provider._finalize_generic_streaming_payment = finalize  # type: ignore[method-assign]
+    upstream = _response(_stalls_after_first())
+    upstream.status_code = 200
+    upstream.headers = {}
+    response = await provider._generic_streaming_response(
+        upstream, "key-hash", 100, "audio/speech", None, None, MagicMock()
+    )
+    chunks = []
+    with pytest.raises(UpstreamError, match="stream stalled"):
+        async for chunk in response.body_iterator:
+            chunks.append(chunk)
+
+    assert chunks == [b"first"]
+    finalize.assert_awaited_once()
+    upstream.aclose.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("frame", [b": keepalive\n\n", b"data: \n\n"])
+async def test_sse_heartbeats_do_not_satisfy_first_token_timeout(
+    fast_timeouts: None, frame: bytes
+) -> None:
+    response = _response(_heartbeat_only(frame))
+    with pytest.raises(UpstreamError, match="no first chunk"):
+        await open_guarded_stream(response, "test", sse=True)
+    response.aclose.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("frame", [b": keepalive\n\n", b"data: \n\n"])
+async def test_sse_heartbeats_do_not_reset_idle_timeout(
+    fast_timeouts: None, frame: bytes
+) -> None:
+    async def chunks() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        yield b'data: {"delta":"first"}\n\n'
+        async for chunk in _heartbeat_only(frame):
+            yield chunk
+
+    failures = MagicMock()
+    stream = await open_guarded_stream(
+        _response(chunks()), "test", sse=True, on_idle_timeout=failures
+    )
+    assert [chunk async for chunk in stream] == [b'data: {"delta":"first"}\n\n']
+    assert stream.timed_out is True
+    failures.assert_called_once()
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_zero_first_token_timeout_disables_the_guard(
     monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
@@ -80,6 +160,67 @@ async def test_idle_timeout_ends_the_stream_without_raising(
     assert [chunk async for chunk in stream] == [b"first"]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_idle_timeout_cools_down_the_serving_provider(
+    fast_timeouts: None, monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_allowed_fails", 1)
+    provider = BaseUpstreamProvider(base_url="https://slow.example", api_key="test")
+    provider.db_id = 17
+    model = MagicMock(id="test-model")
+    guarded = await provider._guard_stream(
+        _response(_stalls_after_first()), model, sse=False
+    )
+
+    assert [chunk async for chunk in guarded] == [b"first"]
+    assert is_cooling_down("db:17", "test-model")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("terminal_before_stall", [False, True])
+async def test_responses_idle_timeout_does_not_emit_completed(
+    fast_timeouts: None, terminal_before_stall: bool
+) -> None:
+    async def chunks() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
+        event = (
+            b'data: {"type":"response.completed","response":{"model":"test","usage":{"input_tokens":0,"output_tokens":1}}}\n\n'
+            if terminal_before_stall
+            else b'data: {"type":"response.created","response":{"model":"test"}}\n\n'
+        )
+        yield event
+        await asyncio.sleep(10)
+
+    response = _response(chunks())
+    response.status_code = 200
+    response.headers = {"content-type": "text/event-stream"}
+    key = MagicMock()
+    key.hashed_key = "test-key"
+    key.balance = 1000
+    session = MagicMock()
+    session.get = AsyncMock(return_value=key)
+    session_context = MagicMock()
+    session_context.__aenter__ = AsyncMock(return_value=session)
+    session_context.__aexit__ = AsyncMock(return_value=None)
+    provider = BaseUpstreamProvider(base_url="https://slow.example", api_key="test")
+
+    with (
+        patch("routstr.upstream.base.create_session", return_value=session_context),
+        patch(
+            "routstr.upstream.base.adjust_payment_for_tokens",
+            AsyncMock(return_value={"input_tokens": 0, "output_tokens": 1}),
+        ),
+    ):
+        result = await provider.handle_streaming_responses_completion(
+            response, key, 100, reservation_snapshot=MagicMock()
+        )
+        emitted = b"".join([chunk async for chunk in result.body_iterator])
+
+    assert b'"type": "response.failed"' in emitted
+    assert b'"code": "UPSTREAM_TIMEOUT"' in emitted
+    assert b'"type": "response.completed"' not in emitted
+    response.aclose.assert_awaited_once()
+
+
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_guarded_stream_passes_every_chunk_through() -> None:
     async def _chunks() -> AsyncIterator[bytes]:
@@ -135,6 +276,7 @@ def _upstream(base_url: str, forward: AsyncMock) -> MagicMock:
     upstream = MagicMock()
     upstream.provider_type = "test"
     upstream.base_url = base_url
+    upstream.db_id = None
     upstream.prepare_headers = MagicMock(side_effect=lambda h: h)
     upstream.forward_request = forward
     return upstream
@@ -143,6 +285,7 @@ def _upstream(base_url: str, forward: AsyncMock) -> MagicMock:
 async def _run_proxy(
     candidates: list[tuple[MagicMock, MagicMock]],
     revert_mock: AsyncMock,
+    request: MagicMock | None = None,
 ) -> Any:
     from routstr import proxy as proxy_module
     from routstr.auth import ReservationSnapshot
@@ -173,7 +316,7 @@ async def _run_proxy(
         ),
         patch.object(proxy_module, "revert_pay_for_request", revert_mock),
     ):
-        request = _proxy_request()
+        request = request or _proxy_request()
         return await proxy_module._proxy(
             request, "v1/chat/completions", MagicMock(), await request.body()
         )
@@ -232,7 +375,7 @@ async def test_cooling_down_candidate_is_skipped_then_recovers(
     healthy = _upstream("https://ok.example", AsyncMock(return_value=healthy_response))
     candidates = [(MagicMock(), sick), (MagicMock(), healthy)]
 
-    record_failure("https://sick.example", "test-model")
+    record_failure("test|https://sick.example", "test-model")
     assert await _run_proxy(candidates, AsyncMock()) is healthy_response
     sick.forward_request.assert_not_awaited()
 
@@ -251,6 +394,111 @@ async def test_cooldown_never_empties_the_candidate_list(
     only_response.status_code = 200
     only = _upstream("https://only.example", AsyncMock(return_value=only_response))
 
-    record_failure("https://only.example", "test-model")
+    record_failure("test|https://only.example", "test-model")
 
     assert await _run_proxy([(MagicMock(), only)], AsyncMock()) is only_response
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_cooldown_distinguishes_credentials_at_same_url(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_allowed_fails", 1)
+    bad = _upstream("https://same.example", AsyncMock())
+    bad.db_id = 1
+    good_response = MagicMock(status_code=200)
+    good = _upstream("https://same.example", AsyncMock(return_value=good_response))
+    good.db_id = 2
+    other = _upstream("https://other.example", AsyncMock())
+    record_failure("db:1", "test-model")
+
+    assert (
+        await _run_proxy(
+            [(MagicMock(), bad), (MagicMock(), good), (MagicMock(), other)], AsyncMock()
+        )
+        is good_response
+    )
+    bad.forward_request.assert_not_awaited()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_cooldown_normalizes_model_spelling(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_allowed_fails", 1)
+    bad = _upstream("https://bad.example", AsyncMock())
+    good_response = MagicMock(status_code=200)
+    good = _upstream("https://good.example", AsyncMock(return_value=good_response))
+    record_failure("test|https://bad.example", "test-model")
+    request = _proxy_request()
+    request.body = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=b'{"model":"TEST-MODEL-20251222","stream":true}'
+    )
+
+    assert (
+        await _run_proxy(
+            [(MagicMock(id="test-model"), bad), (MagicMock(id="test-model"), good)],
+            AsyncMock(),
+            request,
+        )
+        is good_response
+    )
+    bad.forward_request.assert_not_awaited()
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_x_cashu_upstream_failure_opens_cooldown(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_allowed_fails", 1)
+    upstream = _upstream("https://cashu.example", AsyncMock())
+    upstream.handle_x_cashu = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=MagicMock(
+            status_code=503, headers={ERROR_SCOPE_HEADER: ERROR_SCOPE_UPSTREAM}
+        )
+    )
+    request = _proxy_request()
+    request.headers = {"x-cashu": "token"}
+
+    response = await _run_proxy([(MagicMock(), upstream)], AsyncMock(), request)
+
+    assert response.status_code == 503
+    assert is_cooling_down("test|https://cashu.example", "test-model")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_x_cashu_local_mint_failure_does_not_cool_provider(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_allowed_fails", 1)
+    upstream = _upstream("https://cashu.example", AsyncMock())
+    upstream.handle_x_cashu = AsyncMock(
+        return_value=MagicMock(status_code=503, headers={})
+    )
+    request = _proxy_request()
+    request.headers = {"x-cashu": "token"}
+
+    response = await _run_proxy([(MagicMock(), upstream)], AsyncMock(), request)
+
+    assert response.status_code == 503
+    assert not is_cooling_down("test|https://cashu.example", "test-model")
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_node_scoped_upstream_exception_does_not_cool_provider(
+    monkeypatch: pytest.MonkeyPatch,
+) -> None:
+    monkeypatch.setattr(settings, "upstream_allowed_fails", 1)
+    upstream = _upstream(
+        "https://healthy.example",
+        AsyncMock(
+            side_effect=UpstreamError(
+                "local fault", status_code=500, scope=ERROR_SCOPE_NODE
+            )
+        ),
+    )
+
+    response = await _run_proxy([(MagicMock(), upstream)], AsyncMock())
+
+    assert response.status_code == 500
+    assert not is_cooling_down("test|https://healthy.example", "test-model")