diff --git a/quartz/src/commonTest/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/nip47WalletConnect/NwcRefusalRoundTripTest.kt b/quartz/src/commonTest/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/nip47WalletConnect/NwcRefusalRoundTripTest.kt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..2fcc8d3b14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/quartz/src/commonTest/kotlin/com/vitorpamplona/quartz/nip47WalletConnect/NwcRefusalRoundTripTest.kt
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2025 Vitor Pamplona
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+ * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+ * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+ * copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the
+ * Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+ * subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+ * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+ * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+ * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+ * AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
+ * WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+ */
+package com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip47WalletConnect
+
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip01Core.crypto.KeyPair
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip01Core.signers.NostrSignerInternal
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip47WalletConnect.cache.NostrWalletConnectResponseCache
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip47WalletConnect.events.LnZapPaymentRequestEvent
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip47WalletConnect.events.LnZapPaymentResponseEvent
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip47WalletConnect.rpc.IErrorResponseLike
+import com.vitorpamplona.quartz.nip47WalletConnect.rpc.PayInvoiceMethod
+import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
+import kotlin.test.Test
+import kotlin.test.assertEquals
+import kotlin.test.assertIs
+
+/**
+ * A wallet's refusal, encrypted exactly as it sent it, decrypts through the response
+ * cache the zap path reads into something with a message to render — whatever the error
+ * code, over NIP-04 and NIP-44 alike. Parsing alone is pinned in [ResponseTest]; this
+ * covers the wire bytes. It does not cover `LocalCache.consume` or relay delivery.
+ */
+class NwcRefusalRoundTripTest {
+    private val clientSigner = NostrSignerInternal(KeyPair())
+    private val walletSigner = NostrSignerInternal(KeyPair())
+
+    private suspend fun assertRefusalDecryptsWithMessage(
+        code: String,
+        message: String,
+    ) {
+        val walletJson = """{"result_type":"pay_invoice","error":{"code":"$code","message":"$message"}}"""
+
+        for (useNip44 in listOf(false, true)) {
+            val request =
+                LnZapPaymentRequestEvent.createRequest(
+                    PayInvoiceMethod.create("lnbc50n1pjtest"),
+                    walletSigner.pubKey,
+                    clientSigner,
+                    useNip44 = useNip44,
+                )
+
+            // Encrypted by hand rather than through LnZapPaymentResponseEvent.createResponse,
+            // which re-serializes a Response: the point is the wallet's bytes, verbatim.
+            val encrypted =
+                if (useNip44) {
+                    walletSigner.nip44Encrypt(walletJson, clientSigner.pubKey)
+                } else {
+                    walletSigner.nip04Encrypt(walletJson, clientSigner.pubKey)
+                }
+            val reply =
+                walletSigner.sign<LnZapPaymentResponseEvent>(
+                    request.createdAt,
+                    LnZapPaymentResponseEvent.KIND,
+                    arrayOf(arrayOf("p", clientSigner.pubKey), arrayOf("e", request.id)),
+                    encrypted,
+                )
+
+            val response = NostrWalletConnectResponseCache(clientSigner).decryptResponse(reply)
+            assertIs<IErrorResponseLike>(response, "$code over ${if (useNip44) "NIP-44" else "NIP-04"}")
+            assertEquals(message, response.errorMessage())
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    fun quotaExceededDecryptsWithItsMessage() = runTest { assertRefusalDecryptsWithMessage("QUOTA_EXCEEDED", "this payment would exceed the connection's budget for this period") }
+
+    @Test
+    fun paymentFailedDecryptsWithItsMessage() = runTest { assertRefusalDecryptsWithMessage("PAYMENT_FAILED", "NO_ROUTE: no route found") }
+}